H5 bird flu (H5N1 avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b) has now been detected in New Zealand.

At this stage, H5 bird flu has not been detected in game bird species. Early detection remains key to preventing its spread, so we’re asking hunters to keep an eye out for signs of H5 bird flu in wild birds and to take sensible precautions when handling wild game to protect themselves from possible infection.

H5 bird flu is a contagious viral disease that affects domestic and wild birds. Overseas it has infected many species of ducks, geese, swans, pheasants, shorebirds and gulls as well as scavenging birds such as hawks. 

The most obvious sign of H5 bird flu is several sick or dead birds. Sick birds may appear dopey; display lethargy/reluctance to move, droopy head, panting and nasal secretions, lack of co-ordination, blindness and trembling. The symptoms are similar to botulism, a bacterial disease present in New Zealand. 

If you see three or more sick or dead birds, call the Biosecurity New Zealand Exotic Pest and Disease hotline on 0800 80 99 66. Don’t touch or move any dead or dying wildlife, or those in their vicinity that may appear healthy. Wait for Biosecurity New Zealand’s instructions before handling any sick or dead birds.  

How to protect yourself and prevent possible spread 

Although avian influenza viruses rarely infect people, you should still maintain good biosecurity and personal hygiene practices to prevent spread and protect yourself:  

  • Don’t harvest or handle wild birds that are obviously sick or found dead.
  • Wash your hands thoroughly after handling or dressing wild birds. 
  • Do not eat, drink or put anything in your mouth while handling or cleaning birds.
  • Clean your gear and scrub your boots between hunting sites.
  • Cook birds well. 

 

Latest bird flu news

Bird flu update, what you need to know

 

General FAQ's

  • H5 bird flu (H5N1 avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b) has been detected in New Zealand in two non-game bird species.
  • Fish & Game is working alongside Biosecurity New Zealand (MPI) which is the lead agency.
  • Normal game bird hunting continues, with sensible precautions.

For full detail, see the MPI avian influenza information for game bird hunters fact sheet.

H5 bird flu spreads between birds by direct contact with infected birds and through exposure to contaminated body fluids, faeces, feed, water or environments.

 

Hunting

Yes. Normal game bird hunting continues. Just take some sensible precautions, which are set out below.

Yes. Hunting is a low-risk activity as long as you handle and cook your birds correctly, and follow the precautions below.

So far, no game bird species have tested positive for H5 bird flu. However, some species may be affected more than others. We are watching closely what has been happening overseas and will keep hunters updated as the H5 bird flu situation in New Zealand evolves.

Most areas are unlikely to close. There may be localised restrictions around specific areas. For example, we might close hunting in a location to reduce birds dispersing or to protect breeding areas to allow a population to recover. If that happens, we will let hunters know.

 

Handling and eating your birds

  • Only collect or harvest birds that you killed yourself.
  • Avoid contact with bird and animal droppings, litter or other material that might be contaminated.
  • Keep your distance from sick or dead birds you have not shot and make sure children and dogs do not touch them.
  • Wash and dry your hands after handling or dressing birds.
  • Do not eat, drink or put anything in your mouth while handling birds.
  • Scrub and clean boots and equipment between hunting sites, and use a disinfectant too if you can to reduce the risk of contaminating other places.

Yes, it is safe to eat game. You cannot get the bird flu virus from eating food, however you should follow safe preparation and cooking practices just as you would with any wild game. Cook game birds thoroughly to an internal temperature of at least 75°C, ensuring they are piping hot all the way through and the juices run clear.

Do not harvest, handle or eat a bird that looks obviously sick or was found dead. Leave it alone and do not move it.

 

Hunting with dogs

The risk to dogs is low. Very few dogs anywhere in the world are known to have caught H5 bird flu, and where they have it has usually been from eating raw milk or scavenging dead birds. Keeping your dog away from sick or dead birds it has not been sent to retrieve keeps that risk low.

Yes, if your dog is well trained. Dogs can pick up the virus by mouthing or retrieving infected birds, so keep them away from birds you have not shot. Watch that your dog only retrieves what it is sent for, and recall it if you have any concerns about sick birds.

Wash your dog if it has come into contact with a dead or sick bird you didn’t shoot.

Clean and dry your dog's gear the same way you would clean your boots and equipment, between hunting sites.

 

Reporting sick or dead birds

Signs to watch for include:

  • A lack of coordination, tremors, or swimming in circles.
  • A twisted neck or other unusual posture.
  • Being unable to stand or fly.
  • Difficulty breathing, coughing or sneezing.
  • Swelling around the head, neck and eyes, or cloudy or discoloured eyes.
  • Several birds dead in the same place.

If you see three or more sick or dead birds in one place, do not touch them. Report them to MPI's exotic pest and disease hotline on 0800 80 99 66 or online at report.mpi.govt.nz.

  • The location, ideally a GPS position.
  • Photos or video of the birds, if you can take them safely.
  • The species, if you know it.
  • How many are sick or freshly dead, and the total number of birds present.

 

Health and safety

The risk to people is low. Most human cases overseas have been in workers caring for or cleaning up infected poultry or dairy cows, not hunters. Following simple precautions keeps the risk low.

 

The longer term

Once H5 bird flu is established here, eradication is not realistic, as has been the case overseas. Hunting continues. Good biosecurity habits become a permanent part of how we hunt, and we will let hunters know if any localised restrictions apply.

For full detail, read the MPI avian influenza information for game bird hunters fact sheet and there is useful information here Bird flu: staying safe and alert when outdoors | NZ Government. If you have a question we have not covered here, contact MPI or get in touch with us and we will help you find the right answer.

For latest updates visit: HPAI or high pathogenicity avian influenza | NZ Government